NASM 2.05 based x86 Instruction Reference[ch164]
A.5.142 LOOP, LOOPE, LOOPZ, LOOPNE, LOOPNZ: Loop with Counter LOOP imm ; E2 rb [8086] LOOP imm,CX ; a16 E2 rb [8086] LOOP imm,ECX ; a32 E2 rb [386] LOOPE imm ; E1 rb [8086] LOOPE imm,CX ; a16 E1 rb [8086] LOOPE imm,ECX ; a32 E1 rb [386] LOOPZ imm ; E1 rb [8086] LOOPZ imm,CX ; a16 E1 rb [8086] LOOPZ imm,ECX ; a32 E1 rb [386] LOOPNE imm ; E0 rb [8086] LOOPNE imm,CX ; a16 E0 rb [8086] LOOPNE imm,ECX ; a32 E0 rb [386] LOOPNZ imm ; E0 rb [8086] LOOPNZ imm,CX ; a16 E0 rb [8086] LOOPNZ imm,ECX ; a32 E0 rb [386] LOOP decrements its counter register (either CX or ECX - if one is not specified explicitly, the BITS setting dictates which is used) by one, and if the counter does not become zero as a result of this operation, it jumps to the given label. The jump has a range of 128 bytes. LOOPE (or its synonym LOOPZ) adds the additional condition that it only jumps if the counter is nonzero _and_ the zero flag is set. Similarly, LOOPNE (and LOOPNZ) jumps only if the counter is nonzero and the zero flag is clear.